Protective potential of Thaumatococcus daniellii in copper sulphate-induced nephrotoxicity in adult Wistar rats

Abstract

Copper (Cu) is essential for enzymatic functions but poses health risks at high levels, causing oxidative stress and damaging the kidneys. Thaumatococcus daniellii, rich in bioactive compounds, has antioxidant and protective properties. Recent studies suggest its potential in mitigating heavy metal toxicity, particularly in the kidneys. Accordingly, this study was aimed at investigating the effect of T. daniellii on copper sulphate-induced nephrotoxicity in adult Wistar rats. Thirty (30) adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into six (6) groups of five (5) rats each. Group A served as control; Group B received 200 mg/Kg body weight of copper sulphate; Group C received 250 mg/Kg body weight of Thaumatococus danielli; Group D received 1000 mg/Kg body weight of Thaumatococus danielli; Group E received 200 mg/Kg body weight of copper sulphate + 250 mg/Kg body weight of Thaumatococus danielli; Group F received 200 mg/Kg body weight of copper sulphate + 1000 mg/Kg body weight of Thaumatococus danielli. All administration lasted for 28 days and was done orally using an oral gavage. Following the sacrifice of the experimental rats, the kidneys were collected for antioxidant enzymes activity, lipid peroxidation, renal function and histological assessments. Findings from this study revealed that copper sulphate-exposed rats demonstrated significant (p