Effect of organic manures and bio-fertilizers on growth and yield characters of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cv. Pusa Chetki

Abstract

This research investigates the impact of the combination of organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers to radish growth and yield as well as their influence on soil health for two consecutive seasons from 2022 to 2024. The treatments comprised bio-amendments from farm yard manure (FYM), vermicompost, neem cake, biodynamic preparation BD 500, azotobacter, and phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The results revealed that the combination of PSB with Vermicompost (T12) in a pattern has resulted to highest expansion of the crop as it attained 34.40 superficial cm, 11.75 leaf count per plant, and moreover 25.41 cm in root length, the weight and the yield of rooted plants in specific area of land were recorded at 115.84 grams and 7.12 kilograms respectively categorizing T12 as the most effective treatment. Enhanced results were also recorded with PSB with FYM (T11), However, T12 was slightly better. Samples treated with only BD 500 had the reduced performance in all parameters that were measured. The most efficient way on nutrient uptake, microbial activity and influenced structures of the soils were shown in treatment with PSB and VERMICOPMPST. This combined method also promotes environmentally friendly farming practices by lessening dependence on chemical fertilizers while increasing the productivity of crops. The results highlight the usefulness of organic and bio fertilizers in enhancing and making farming practices more sustainable.