Field-based screening of Vigna mungo germplasm for resistance against pod borer complex using natural infestation methods

Abstract

The pod borer complex, primarily caused by Helicoverpa armigera, Maruca vitrata, and Etiella zinckenella, is a significant pest affecting Vigna mungo (Urdbean) crops, leading to substantial yield losses. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance levels of selected Vigna mungo germplasm lines under natural field infestation conditions. A total of 25 germplasm lines, along with resistant and susceptible check varieties, were assessed in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) across three replications. Parameters such as pod damage percentage, larval count, yield loss, and biochemical defense markers were recorded. Significant variability was observed among the germplasm lines, with three genotypes (VM-17, VM-21, and VM-26) exhibiting high resistance. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated levels of phenolics, tannins, and enzyme activities (PPO, POD) in resistant genotypes. These findings provide valuable insights for breeding programs focused on developing pod borer-resistant Vigna mungo cultivars