Biochemical and morphological screening of urdbean (Vigna mungo) germplasm for resistance against pod borer complex

Abstract

Pod borer complex, including Helicoverpa armigera, Maruca vitrata, and Spodoptera litura, is a major pest of urdbean (Vigna mungo), causing significant yield losses. This study aimed to screen urdbean germplasm for resistance against pod borers using biochemical and morphological markers. A total of [Insert number] germplasm lines were evaluated under field and laboratory conditions. Biochemical parameters such as total phenol, protein, sugars, peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), flavonoids, and tannins were analyzed. Morphological traits like pod toughness, trichome density, and pod color were also examined. Results revealed significant variability among germplasm lines, with certain lines exhibiting higher levels of phenols, flavonoids, and enzymatic activity correlating with reduced pod damage. Morphological resistance traits, including trichome density and pod toughness, also contributed to reduced pest infestation. This study highlights the potential of combining biochemical and morphological markers for effective screening and breeding of resistant urdbean varieties.