Silver nanoparticles from chemical synthesis: Assessing their role in antibacterial strategies

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as potent antibacterial agents due to their unique physicochemical properties and broad-spectrum activity. This study focuses on silver nanoparticles synthesized through chemical methods, evaluating their structural and functional characteristics for antibacterial efficacy. The synthesis process involves chemical reduction techniques, producing nanoparticles with controlled size, shape, and stability. Advanced analytical methods such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were employed to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity was assessed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains using standard antibiotics, revealing significant inhibitory effects attributed to the ability of the nanoparticles to disrupt bacterial membranes and generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Furthermore, the study examines the influence of nanoparticle concentration, size, and surface modification on their antibacterial potency. The findings highlight the potential of chemically synthesized AgNPs as innovative solutions for combating bacterial infections, offering insights into their integration into biomedical and environmental applications.