Antibacterial activity of acetone extract o (Indian Frankincense) resin and its synergistic effects with selected phytochemicals against mastitis-causing pathogens

Abstract

Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, triterpenes, phenols, and flavonoids. Antioxidant activity of 0.1 mg/mL BORE was equivalent to 63.1±0.89 μg/mL of ascorbic acid. MIC values of BORE against E. coli and S. aureus were 2.5 mg/mL and 0.3125 mg/mL, respectively. Combined antibacterial action with antibiotics and phytochemicals showed additive effects. BORE also significantly reduced biofilm formation, with enhanced inhibition in combination with other agents. In conclusion, BORE demonstrated potent antimicrobial, antioxidant, and biofilm inhibition properties, highlighting its potential as a natural adjunct in managing bovine mastitis.