Effect of primary PCI on recovery of diastolic dysfunction in patients with ST-Elevation myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background: A primary cause of heart failure, ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is best treated utilizing primary PCI as the recommended reperfusion strategy. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction predicts adverse outcomes, and restoring flow is crucial. Aim: The study evaluates diastolic dysfunction in first-time primary PCI patients, assesses improvement after 3 months, and assesses chest pain duration's impact on STEMI patients. Patents and Methods: This study's objective is evaluating the primary percutaneous coronary intervention impact (PCI) on diastolic dysfunction recovery in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients utilizing echocardiography. The study encompassed 180 participants from Mabara heart academy, who underwent PCI by an expert interventional cardiologist. The study recorded angiographic and interventional details, and full anti-ischemic medications were administered post-PCI. A clinical follow-up was executed at three months. Results: The study analyzed 67.8% of patients with diastolic dysfunction, with 42.2% classified as Grade 0 and 35% in Grade I. The average duration of chest pain was 8.4 hours, and the door-to-balloon time was 66.6 minutes. The most common site of lesions was the left anterior descending artery (70.0%). The intervention showed significant improvements in LVEF and echocardiographic parameters immediately after PCI and at 3 months, indicating meaningful cardiac function recovery post-PCI. Conclusion: In STEMI patients, primary PCI markedly enhances diastolic function, improving echocardiographic parameters, reducing left atrial volume, and decreasing deceleration. Early intervention is crucial for recovery post-STEMI, highlighting the importance of early intervention.