A review of allergic rhinitis: Current trends in symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent chronic respiratory disorder caused by an immune-mediated response to environmental allergens. It imposes a substantial burden on quality of life, productivity, and healthcare systems worldwide. The condition is marked by symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, and ocular irritation, which may significantly impair daily functioning. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current understanding of AR, emphasizing diagnostic approaches, symptomatology, and comprehensive management strategies. Furthermore, it evaluates evidence-based practices, explores recent therapeutic advancements, and identifies gaps in knowledge to guide future research.