The role of AI in space mission planning and simulation: Transforming space exploration with advanced computing

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Computer Science (CS) have revolutionised space exploration, bringing remarkable advancements in mission planning, real-time decision-making, and simulation accuracy. By integrating AI and CS, space agencies can achieve unprecedented levels of efficiency and automation, driving the success of complex space missions. From enabling autonomous spacecraft navigation to employing predictive modelling for optimised mission trajectories, these technologies have proven indispensable for modern space exploration. This paper delves into the historical evolution of AI and CS within the context of space missions, examining significant technological milestones and their transformative impact on space agencies such as NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and private companies like SpaceX. By exploring key innovations, such as AI-driven simulations, autonomous systems, and predictive analytics, this study illustrates how these technologies enhance the overall capabilities of space missions. Additionally, this paper looks ahead to future developments, speculating on AI's expanding role in autonomous missions, space resource utilisation, and deep-space travel. AI and CS, as central drivers of space exploration, continue to push the boundaries of human knowledge and make outer space more accessible than ever before.