Physiology and Mechanism of pruning in fruit crops

Abstract

Pruning is an essential horticultural practice for optimizing fruit production in fruit crops. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms behind pruning responses are complex and involve various aspects of plant growth, nutrient allocation, and hormonal regulation. This review summarizes the physiological effects of pruning, focusing on how it alters plant hormones, carbohydrate metabolism, gene expression, and resource allocation. Additionally, the review explores the molecular mechanisms that mediate these responses, including gene regulation, stress pathways, and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, the paper examines how pruning influences fruit yield and quality by modifying tree structure and enhancing resource distribution. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of pruning’s impact on fruit crops, with practical insights for improving fruit production efficiency.