Clinical evaluation of closed tibial condyle fracture managed by ILIZAROV fixator: A prospective study

Abstract

Background: Tibial plateau fractures, representing approximately 1% of all fractures with an incidence of 10.3 per 100,000, are complex injuries associated with significant soft tissue damage and complications such as infection and arthritis. The Ilizarov fixator is particularly advantageous for these cases, as it enables precise reduction, gradual deformity correction, and early mobilization, which significantly enhances bone healing and joint function. Methodology: This prospective study at Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS) Hospital evaluated 20 patients with complex tibial plateau fractures treated with the Ilizarov fixator. The study aimed to analyze the outcomes of this fixation method and assess functional recovery using ASAMI and KOOS scores. Results: The study of 20 patients with complex tibial plateau fractures treated with the Ilizarov fixator demonstrated a broad age range, a slight male predominance, and a prevalence of overweight and smoking individuals. Falls were the most common injury mechanism, Type III fractures were the most frequent, and the surgical procedure had a mean duration of 173 minutes with a 10-day average hospital stay. Outcomes were strong, with significant improvements in radiological parameters, high ASAMI and Lysholm scores, minimal leg length discrepancies, and high patient satisfaction despite a 20% rate of pin tract infections. Conclusion: The study underscores the Ilizarov fixator's efficacy in managing complex tibial condyle fractures and its role in ensuring stable fixation, early mobilization, and enhanced overall outcomes.