A clinical and epidemiological study on the demographic factors including mizaj (temperament) of the patients influencing the prevalence and characteristics of kalaf (melasma) treated at AKTC hospital, Aligarh

Abstract

Kalaf (Melasma) is characterized by brown patches on the face, usually in women, during or after pregnancy, and when using oral contraceptives. The exact cause is not fully understood, but factors such as hormonal changes, sun exposure, and genetics play a role in its development.In some patients, frequent flare-ups of melasma can lead to low self-esteem, limited social interaction, outdoor activities, stress, and depression. Therefore, this demographic study was conducted to enhance the understanding of epidemiologic patterns and etiological factors, including patient Mizaj temperament, and to better manage prevention and treatment.