Impact of foliar micronutrients on growth and yield of Blackgram: A review

Abstract

Black gram is an important pulse crop extensively cultivated in South Asia providing an essential source of protein to millions of people. Several constraints responsible for the lower productivity of black gram. Its productivity is often limited by inadequate and unbalanced nutrition, especially deficiencies in essential micronutrients such as boron, molybdenum, zinc, and iron. These micronutrients are vital for various physiological processes, including photosynthesis, enzyme activation, and nutrient translocation, which directly impact crop growth, yield, and quality. Foliar application of the micronutrients has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance black gram productivity by providing direct and rapid nutrient uptake, particularly during critical growth stages. This review highlights the impact of micronutrient foliar feeding on black gram, demonstrating significant improvements in plant height, pod formation, seed yield, and overall crop performance compared to soil application methods. Despite its advantages, further research is needed to optimize application techniques, develop region-specific guidelines, and explore novel formulations to maximize the benefits of foliar feeding. The adoption of such practices is essential for enhancing black gram productivity, ensuring food security, and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.