Obesity and modern lifestyles: Prevalence and lifestyle correlates among urban adults in Ahmedabad City

Abstract

Obesity is a growing public health concern, especially in urban areas undergoing rapid lifestyle transitions. This study investigates the prevalence of obesity and its association with modern lifestyle factors among adults in Ahmedabad City, Gujarat. A total of 1200 respondents aged 20-55 years were selected using multi-stage random sampling. Anthropometric data, dietary patterns, and physical activity levels were assessed through structured questionnaires and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that 40.3% of respondents were pre-obese, and 12.8% were classified as obese (Grade 1-3). Socioeconomic factors, sedentary lifestyles, and increased consumption of calorie-dense foods were strongly associated with higher BMI levels. Additionally, 47.4% of respondents reported sedentary activity patterns, while 70% utilized online food delivery services. Notably, traditional dietary habits were observed during main meals, but snacking patterns often included fast food and processed items. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted public health interventions to address obesity by promoting balanced diets, physical activity, and awareness of healthy lifestyle practices. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and health professionals in designing effective obesity prevention strategies tailored to urban populations.