The impact of biotechnology advances on flower crops quality improvement

Abstract

Horticulture continues to enhance our lives with a variety of visually appealing goods, contribute to maintaining a healthy environment, and give our food variety, colour, and flavour. The numerous advantages of horticulture are being enhanced by the introduction of new instruments by biotechnology. Newness is the lifeblood of the worldwide flower industry. Using biotechnology technologies to produce new flower colours has been the first successful floriculture genetic engineering success story. Floral aroma, plant and floral morphology, post-harvest and on-plant flower senescence, and disease resistance are additional characteristics that have drawn interest. The floriculture industry has experienced significant growth worldwide, particularly in developing countries, due to low maintenance costs, including low labour costs. The industry must meet consumer demand by providing new value-added flowers that are cost-effective and unique in flower characteristics, such as flower shape, colour, and long shelf life. Biotechnology techniques like tissue culture and micropropagation techniques, polyploidy induction, mutation breeding, and genetic engineering have been used to develop many varieties of ornamental plants. Plants with new characteristics like floral architecture, colour, fragrance, resistance to abiotic stress, and post-harvest life can be produced through biotechnology. Compared to the primary food crops, transgenic floricultural plant development and commercialisation have advanced much more slowly. As the name suggests, the floriculture industry is a subsection of the horticultural industry that specialises in flowers. Cut flowers, potted flowering plants (Including hanging baskets), bedding plants, blooming shrubs, and trees for gardens and landscaping are all part of the floriculture industry.