Profile of Ivy gourd (Coccinia grandis) cultivators from North Konkan region and constraints experienced in cultivation

Abstract

This study examined the cultivation, nutritional attributes, and phytochemical properties of Ivy gourd (Coccinia grandis L.) in the North Konkan region of Maharashtra, India, with a focus on the Alibag tehsil. Ivy gourd, a perennial tropical vine rich in essential vitamins and minerals, is valued both as a culinary vegetable and for its medicinal benefits in traditional health systems. In Konkan region, the local climate of high rainfall and humidity is ideal for cultivating this crop. However, factors like soil properties and geographical location influence its growth, reproductive performance, and the accumulation of bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids. This study involved a survey of 50 Ivy gourd farmers from Alibag tehsil of North Konkan region, selected from a larger pool of 200 farmers based on farm size. Using structured interviews, data was collected and analyzed to explore demographic profiles, cultivation practices, and challenges faced by these farmers. This study investigates the demographic profile and constraints in cultivation of Ivy gourd (Coccinia grandis) farmers in the North Konkan region of Maharashtra, focusing on Alibag tehsil. The demographic profile of 50 Ivy gourd farmers survey from Alibag tehsil revealed that most cultivators are middle-aged (37-60 years) and have a basic secondary education. The majority come from medium-sized families (4-6 members) and possess small landholdings, typically under 1 hectare. While rice is commonly cultivated alongside Ivy gourd on medium-sized plots, Ivy gourd itself occupies a substantial area within these small-scale farms. Most farmers achieve moderate yields, relying primarily on groundwater irrigation. This demographic snapshot suggests that Ivy gourd cultivation is part of a small-scale agricultural system managed by middle-aged, locally-educated farmers with modest resources. Ivy gourd farmers in the North Konkan region face several key challenges. Pest infestations, especially from leaf-eating caterpillars, affect 82.00 percent of farmers, underscoring a need for better pest management. Economic issues are also prominent, with 72.00 percent of farmers citing low market rates as a concern. Additionally, adverse climatic conditions and disease incidence, such as root rot, impact crop health. Fertilizer availability is another challenge, with 42.00 percent facing shortages and 50.00 percent experiencing delays in suppl.y. Finally, labour scarcity, affecting 34.00 percent of farmers, adds pressure to the cultivation process. Addressing these challenges through improved pest control, market stability, and resource availability could significantly enhance productivity and farmer sustainability