Role of exercise in prevention and management of cancer: A review

Abstract

Exercise plays a crucial role in both the management and prevention of cancer. Regular physical activity has been shown to reduce cancer risk, improve outcomes for those undergoing cancer treatment, and enhance quality of life during and after treatment. Studies show that regular physical activity lowers the risk of developing several types of cancer, including: Breast Cancer, Colon Cancer, lung Cancer, Endometrial cancer, prostate cancer. Exercise helps balance hormones such as insulin, oestrogen, and testosterone, which are linked to cancer development. Physical activity strengthens the immune system, helping it identify and eliminate abnormal cells before they can turn into cancer. Regular exercise reduces systemic inflammation, a known risk factor for cancer. Obesity is a risk factor for many cancers. Exercise helps maintain a healthy weight, reducing cancer risk. Cancer treatments can be harsh, but exercise helps patients tolerate treatments better by improving overall physical health, reducing nausea, and enhancing recovery. Some cancer treatments, especially hormone therapies, can lead to weight gain. Exercise helps patients maintain a healthy weight, which is important for reducing the risk of cancer recurrence. Exercise is increasingly recognized as a vital component in the prevention, management, and recovery from cancer, offering both physical and psychological benefits.