Human papillomavirus and pathogenesis of cervical cancer

Abstract

An infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the cause of cervical cancer. In the world, one of the most frequent causes of STDs in both men and women is the human papillomavirus, or HPV. The papovaviridae family, which also contains polyomavirus and related vacuolating viruses, is home to the papilloma virus. A nonenveloped double stranded DNA virus is the papilloma virus. The papilloma virus is particular to its hosts and is found worldwide in a wide range of animals, including humans. The majority of HPV infections are carcinogenic, or high-risk strains can affect the anogenital area and orophyranx. HPV is classified into two types: cutaneous and mucosal basal epithelial cells, which are found in the inner lining of tissues and on the skin. Cutaneous HPV strains affect the skin on the hands and feet and are epidermitropic in nature. Mucosal infections affect the anogenital epithelium, respiratory tract, thoracic cavity, and mouth lining. The human papilloma virus causes abnormal cell cycle regulation to be disrupted, which leads to unchecked cell division and the build-up of genetic damage. The main preventive measure used in many developing nations is the use of papilloma virus particles, such as those of types 16, 18, 6, and 11. Clinically useful for secondary prevention as a post-treatment measure of cure, papilloma virus testing.