Recent advances and achievements in mutation breeding of fruit crops

Abstract

Genetic variation is crucial for crop breeding. In traditional plant breeding programs, this variation is created through hybridization, with selections made from the resulting segregating generations. Induced mutagenesis can either supplement or replace hybridization as a source of variability. Mutations, which introduce variation, are fundamental for the evolution of new forms, varieties, or species. Both induced and spontaneous mutations have significantly contributed to the development of improved cultivars of various fruit crops, complementing conventional breeding methods. Although induced mutations have well-defined limitations in fruit breeding applications, their potential can be expanded through the use of in vitro mutation techniques.