Major vectors attitude in malaria transmission following a universal long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) coverage in Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire

Abstract

To reduce malaria cases, several LLINs distribution campaigns were carried out in Côte d’Ivoire. This study aimed to investigate vector behavior and malaria vectorial transmission level in Bouaké area, following the 2017 large-scale LLINs distribution. Mosquito were collected in Belle-Ville neighborhood and Kpo-Kahankro village using Human Landing Catch and Pyrethrum Spray Catches. ELISA-CSP and ELISA-blood meal techniques determined Plasmodium falciparum infection and blood meals origin respectively. The Entomological Inoculation rate (EIR) recorded for An. gambiae s.l., were 212 and 49 infectious bites/person/year (ib/p/year) and was endo-exophageous and exophageous in rural and urban setting respectively. An. funestus EIR in rural setting was 230 ib/p/year and was endophageous. Plasmodium transmission was higher in rural than in urban setting. An. funestus transmitted plasmodium at the same level as An. gambiae s.l. These vectors showed different behaviors in Plasmodium transmission and from one setting to another.