An experimental study on the effect of salt concentration on physical properties

Abstract

A brine is a solution consisting of a dissolved substance, usually salt.A salt is defined in chemistry as a compound composed of positive and negative ions.Water or another liquid dissolves salt to form a brine, in which the ionic molecules of the salt dissociate into their ions to form the solution.The aim of this research is to study the effect of the concentration of the brine solution on the physical properties (viscosity, density, specific volume, electrical conductivity).We conducted a practical study in the city of Kirkuk at the Technical Institute of the Northern Technical University.The study found that the density of the solution increases as the salt concentration increases.At a concentration of (0%), or when the water is pure without salt, the density reached a value of (985 kg/m 3 ).At a concentration of (20%), the density increased to (1242 kg/m 3 ).The practical study also showed that the kinematic viscosity increases with increasing salt concentration, reaching its value (1244 m 2 /sec) and reaching its highest value (1804 m 2 /sec) at a concentration of (25%).The study showed that the specific heat decreases with an increase in the salt concentration, and this decrease is considered a negative factor, as salt reduces the efficiency of the water in raising the largest possible amount of heat, but the benefit of not freezing in the pipes as a result of the lower freezing point of the brine solution remains the most important and most beneficial of all.