Prevalence of comorbidity hypertension and diabetes mellitus in cancer patients of Madhya Pradesh, India

Abstract

Background: Cancer patients often suffer from comorbid conditions such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which can complicate treatment and impact overall prognosis. Understanding the prevalence and associations of these comorbidities in specific populations is crucial for improving patient care.Aim and Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus among cancer patients in Madhya Pradesh and identify associated demographic and clinical factors.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Madhya Pradesh from January to December 2023. One hundred and fifty cancer patients were included through systematic random sampling. Data on demographic variables, cancer type, stage, hypertension, and diabetes status were collected through medical records and patient interviews. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square tests and logistic regression to identify associations.Results: Out of 150 cancer patients, 60 (40%) had hypertension, 45 (30%) had diabetes mellitus, and 25 (16.7%) had both conditions. Hypertension was significantly associated with older age (p<0.001), male gender (p=0.02), and advanced cancer stage (p=0.01). Diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with older age (p=0.003) and breast cancer (p=0.04). Patients with both hypertension and diabetes were more likely to be of middle or low socioeconomic status (p=0.03).Conclusion: The high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus among cancer patients in Madhya Pradesh highlights the need for integrated healthcare approaches. Routine screening and tailored management strategies for these comorbidities should be prioritized to improve patient outcomes. Addressing socioeconomic disparities in healthcare access and management is also essential.