Economic feasibility and trends in fish production: A case study of composite fish culture in Karnataka

Abstract

Hassan district, blessed with water resources like Hemavathi, Yagachi and Vatehole, has vast potential for fish farming. However, only 20,000 ha is utilized, yielding 250-300 kg of fish per hectare and 150-200 kg per acre in farm ponds. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) identified key challenges in fish rearing, such as conventional monoculture practices and poor water management. To address these, KVK scientists introduced mixed cultivation (Catla, Rohu and Common carp) and conducted On-Farm Testing (OFT) and Frontline Demonstrations (FLDs). The study analyzed Karnataka's fish production trends from 2013-2023, revealing moderate fluctuations until 2020, followed by a sharp 76.64% increase post-2021. This surge was attributed to government policies, improved aquaculture practices and post-pandemic recovery. A case study on composite fish culture in a 0.2-hectare tank demonstrated its economic feasibility, with the farmer achieving a net profit of Rs. 60,816/- despite a 42.6% survival rate. The study highlights the potential for composite fish culture to enhance local livelihoods, with low input costs and adaptability to small-scale operations. Statistical tools like Microsoft Excel were used for data analysis and interviews with farmers provided insights into the challenges and benefits of fish farming. The findings emphasize the need for further research on policy impacts and technological advancements driving Karnataka's fisheries growth.