Examining the relationship between risk factors-hypertension, body mass index (BMI), and smoking-and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes, a disease related to metabolism, is characterized by the body's inability or ineffectiveness to create enough insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. Diabetes increases the probability of acquiring a number of long-term conditions, such as heart disease, lack of vision, amputation, kidney disease, and melancholy. There is a paucity of data on hypertension, (BMI), and smoking and their association with T2DM. This investigation aims to clarify the correlation between risk factors (including overweight, hypertension, smoking) and Type 2 diabetes. This study included one hundred participants, fifty of whom had type 2 diabetes and fifty of whom were healthy controls. Age and sex of the patients and controls were matched. The mean age of participant was 52.88. The female/ male ratio was (52/48= 1.08). In contrast to the control, the patients' mean systolic blood pressure was greater, with a significant difference in mean observed. Regarding of BMI, there was no discernible difference in the mean BMI of the patients and the control. There were no considerable variations between the smoking status of the control group and the patients. In conclusion this research indicates that women are more probably to develop diabetes type 2. There was a substantial difference between hypertension and type 2 diabetes, but not between smoking and BMI.