In vitro and In vivo evaluation for anti-diabetic activity of Eupatorium triplinerve vahl in streptozotocin induced diabetic model

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, characterized by hyperglycaemia due to insulin production deficiency, affects macromolecule metabolism and blood sugar regulation. It has multiple causes, including genetics and lifestyle, and can lead to severe complications like nerve and organ damage. Over 537 million adults worldwide are affected. Flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds in plant-based foods, have various bioactivities, including anti-diabetic effects. The present study investigates the anti-diabetic potential of methanolic extract of Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl (MEETV) at doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight. Phytochemical screening of MEETV revealed the presence of alkaloids, amino acids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds, which possess antioxidant properties. The study utilized streptozotocin to induce diabetes in animals, with elevated glucose levels and weight as indicators. Serum parameters such as albumin, creatinine, total protein, uric acid, and urea were measured to assess anti-diabetic activity. Results indicated that MEETV significantly reduced glucose levels and exhibited notable anti-diabetic effects compared to control groups.