Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant activity of different varieties of Trapa natans: A comparative analysis

Abstract

Trapa natans L. is an aquatic herb renowned for its nutritional and medicinal activities. This study investigated the phytocontents and antioxidant capacities of different varieties of Trapa natans shell and chestnut methanolic extracts such as, RTNSME, RTNCME, GTNSME and GTNCME. Quantitative analysis showed RTNSME has the highest total phenolic and total proanthocyanidins with values of 155.1±3.11 mg/g GAE and 14.91±0.258 mg/g CAE respectively, whereas the GTNSME have the highest total flavonoid, and total flavonols, with values of 55.66±0.258 mg/g CAE, 123.9±1.00 mg/g QUE, respectively. However, TNCME showed a lower amount of phytochemicals compared to TNSME. The IC50 values were 15.91, 16.85, 334.27 and 313.80 μg/ml in RTNSME, GTNSME, RTNCME and GTNCME respectively in the DPPH assay and 12.31, 17.84, 345.32, and 291.34 μg/ml in RTNSME, GTNSME, RTNCME and GTNCME respectively in the ABTS assay. These results revealed that Trapa natans is as a valuable source of antioxidant. Among the Trapa natans methanolic extracts RTNSME is found most potential antioxidant.