Case report: Clinical management of leptospirosis in dog

Abstract

Leptospirosis, is considered one of important zoonotic disease globally. Prevalence of leptospirosis has increased in recent years. In region with high density population as that of Mumbai, where close dwelling allowing more interaction of rodents, pets and humans thereby, breeding threat of leptospirosis. Here dog named “Leo” presented at PetVet Veterinary clinic, Kalyan with complaint of Haematemesis (Plate 2), pyrexia, inappetence, lethargy, Abdominal pain, intense yellow urine physically dog was active and alert, had mild dehydration (3-4%), lymph node was slightly swollen, temperature was 106 ℉. The body coat was bereft of any ectoparasite infestation. While palpating abdomen dog exhibited pain and hepatomegaly was also suspected. The Haematological reports revealed leucocytosis, normocytic and normochromic anaemia as well as base line value of thrombocytes. Elevation in the S.G.O.T and S.G.P.T values with increase in serum globulin was also noted in the biochemical analysis. Marginal increase in Blood urea nitrogen and Creatinine was also evident from kidney function test reports (Table 1). The Canine leptospirosis-Q-PCR test report indicated that dog was positive for leptospirosis with critical threshold (CT) value of 21.0. Line of treatment included, double anti-biotic regime, antacid, anti-emetic, multivitamin and intravenous saline infusions for 5 days followed by oral antibiotic and supportive therapy for 15 days. The results of tests (post-operatively) indicated near normal values of all the hemato-biochemical parameters. The Canine leptospirosis-Q-PCR test report indicated that dog was negative for leptospirosis with critical threshold (CT) value more than 34.0 which is inferred as negative result. Thus it is concluded that dog was successfully treated against leptospirosis.