Consumer protection in India: Laws, challenges, and effectiveness

Abstract

This research review offers a comprehensive examination of consumer protection in India, focusing on the legal framework, challenges, and effectiveness of current measures. Covering developments from 2010 to 2023, the article highlights significant legislative changes, particularly the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, designed to address the complexities of the digital marketplace. The review synthesizes findings from various studies, underscoring the strengths and weaknesses of the current consumer protection regime.The analysis reveals that while the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, provides a robust framework for safeguarding consumer rights, several challenges impede its full potential. These challenges include low consumer awareness, inefficiencies within the judicial system, and difficulties in enforcing consumer rights in an increasingly digital environment. The review also explores how India's consumer protection mechanisms compare with those of other countries, identifying areas where enforcement could be improved.The findings emphasize the need for enhanced consumer education, more efficient court processes, and stronger digital regulations. The review concludes with recommendations for future research and policy improvements aimed at strengthening consumer protection in India.