Neuroprotective strategies in Unani medicine for managing autism spectrum disorders: A holistic approach

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. ASD encompasses a broad range of symptom severities and associated features, leading to variability in presentation and challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Although the exact causes are unknown, both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its development. Its prevalence has increased significantly in recent decades. Unani medicine offers a holistic approach to managing ASD, focusing on restoring balance through individualized dietary and lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, and regimenal therapies. It also addresses comorbidities such as gastrointestinal disturbances, immune dysregulation, and metabolic imbalances. Early identification and intervention are essential for improving the quality of life of individuals with ASD. Integrating Unani medicine with conventional approaches may provide a comprehensive treatment strategy, addressing both physical and psychological aspects of the disorder. This review focuses on the neuroprotective potential of Unani drugs as alternatives to pharmacotherapy in autism.