Early embryonic mortality in cattle and it’s preventive strategies: A Review

Abstract

Early embryonic mortality is a significant cause of infertility in domestic animals directly linked with poor performance in milk production, reducing in calf crop and increases culling rate. Following insemination 90% of the ovulated oocyte get fertilised but 35% to 50% of fertilized oocyte undergo embryonic death/ fetal mortality. The embryo's chance of survival is determined by the Maternal recognition of pregnancy. Involvement of stress factors, climatic variation, lacking of INF tau from the embryonic trophoblastic cells, low level of progesterone from the corpus luteum, clinical endometritis, persistent low-grade infection such as subclinical endometritis are the crucial factors for the embryo survivability. Here, we have reviewed about the factors related with early embryonic mortality, detection and methods implied to improve the fertility followed by reduce the early embryonic mortality.