Pregnancy out come in first trimester bleeding

Abstract

Background: The outcome of first trimester vaginal bleeding is a matter of debate. This study sought to determine the maternal and perinatal outcome in patients presenting with first trimester vaginal bleeding.Methods: This prospective observational study was done on 40 women with first trimester vaginal bleeding at kamineni institute of narketpally, in nalgonda over a period of one year. A detailed history was taken and USG was done to confirm diagnosis. All these patients were evaluated for the outcomes including threatened abortions, spontaneous, complete or incomplete abortions, sub-chorionic hematoma, Intra-uterine Fetal Demise, missed abortions, second and third trimester bleeding, Intra-uterine Growth Restriction, premature rupture of membranes and preterm deliveries. Results: Out of the 200 confinements 40 patients presented with first trimester vaginal bleeding. The incidence was highest (75%) in the age group of 20-25 years. 60% primigravidas presented with first trimester bleeding as compared to 40% of multigravidas. It was seen that 60% patients who presented before 6 weeks aborted whereas only 15% patients who presented after 10 weeks aborted. Out of the 8 patients that continued pregnancy after first trimester vaginal bleeding 20% went into preterm labour, 25% has premature rupture of membranes and 20% had antepartum hemorrhage. Conclusions: According to the results of present study, first trimester vaginal bleeding predicts auxiliary maternal and fetal complications. Also, as the clinical intermediation has an important role in continuance of pregnancy and in reducing the fetal complications precise management and planning by physician is important.