Thyroid cancer in surgically removed thyroids in Kirkuk city

Abstract

Background: Thyroid disease is one of the most common endocrine diseases after diabetes, and thyroid surgery is the most frequently performed endocrine surgery worldwide. These diseases are more common in women than in men. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of thyroid cancer in Kirkuk city and its association with the age and sex of the patients. Methods: The study included 190 patients who underwent thyroidectomy at Azadi Teaching Hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. Results: The histopathological features of the thyroid gland were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically, and the results were correlated with the age and sex of the patients. Of the 190 thyroid samples examined, 29 (15.27%) were diagnosed with cancer. The most common type was papillary thyroid cancer, with 15 cases, accounting for 7.9% of the total. The rarest types were medullary carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma, with 1 case each (0.53%). Conclusion: The study concluded that papillary thyroid cancer is the most common type of thyroid cancer.