Overview of perineal hernia in dogs

Abstract

A perineal hernia is a condition where abdominal contents are herniated through the pelvic diaphragm, causing swelling, constipation, lethargy, and difficulty urinating in dogs. The cause is unclear, but theories suggest neurogenic or senile atrophy, degeneration changes, high testosterone levels, and prostatic hypertrophy. It is most common in uncastrated male dogs aged 7-9 and rare in females. Treatment includes medication, dietary management, herniorrhaphy, and castration. Postoperative complications include wound infection, fecal incontinence, urinary tract malfunction, and sciatic nerve paralysis. Recurrence risk is higher in non-castrated dogs. Prevention of overactivity, self-trauma, and castration during hernia repair may reduce recurrence.