A race against time: The rediscovery and urgent conservation needs of Aconitum novoluridum Munz

Abstract

Aconitum novoluridum Munz, belonging to the Ranunculaceae family, is a perennial herb known for its toxic and medicinal properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview of A. novoluridum, covering its botanical characteristics, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicology, and potential therapeutic applications. The primary bioactive compounds in A. novoluridum are diterpenoid alkaloids, notably aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine, which contribute to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, and neuroprotective effects. However, these compounds also account for the plant's high toxicity, presenting challenges for safe medicinal use. Advances in phytochemical analysis, pharmacological studies, and toxicology are essential to unlocking the therapeutic potential of A. novoluridum while ensuring safety. This review aims to guide future research and applications of this intriguing species.