Influence of spacing and NPK levels on growth and yield of basmati rice (Oryza sativa) North East plan zone Prayagraj

Abstract

The research work was conducted at the Agronomy Research Field, United University, Prayagraj (U.P.) during Kharif season from June to December, 2023 to study the effect of spacing and NPK levels on the growth and yield of rice. The experiment consisted of three spacing treatments viz. 20 x 10 cm, 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cm and three NPK levels viz. NPK @ 60:30:20 kg/ha, NPK @ 90:45:30 kg/ha and NPK @ 120:60:40 kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The highest plant height (109.01 cm), Number of tiller/hill (32.17), Plant dry weight (61.08 g/plant), Yield attributes No. of panicle/hill (15.11), panicle length (28.96 cm), No. of grain/panicle (140.12), days to maturity (127.23) and Test weight (22.22 g) was recorded in treatment T3 (Spacing 20 x 20 cm + NPK @ 120:60:40 kg/ha) while highest Seed yield (5.80 t/ha), Straw yield (14.99 t/ha), Biological yield (19.82 t/ha) was recorded in treatment T9 (Spacing 20 x 20 cm + NPK @ 120:60:40 kg/ha) of rice. The highest economics was computed under treatment T9 (spacing 20 x 20 cm with NPK @ 120:60:40 kg/ha) i.e. net return (111158.00 Rs/ha), gross return (163106.49 Rs/ha), highest cost of cultivation (52748.49 Rs/ha) and (B: C ratio) (2.14). The lowest plant height (90.49 cm), Number of tiller/hill (27.00), Plant dry weight (45.31 g/plant), Yield attributes, No. of panicle/hill (10.08), panicle length (24.00 cm), No. of grain/panicle (103.93), Test weight (20.24 g), Seed yield (3.88 t/ha), Straw yield (8.70 t/ha), Harvest index (27.25 t/ha), of basmati rice. The lowest net return was computed under T10 (Control) and net return (60842.51 Rs/ha), gross return (107512.51 Rs/ha), lowest cost of cultivation (46670.00 Rs/ha) recorded in T10 (B: C ratio) (1.30) Therefore, T9 (Control) obtaining the highest grain and straw yields of Basmati rice.