Genetic characterisation of Indian bovine herpesvirus-1 with other ruminant herpesviruses in relation to glycoproteins C

Abstract

Aim: To characterise immunodominant glycoprotein located on the Unique long (UL44) region of BoHV-1 viz., glycoprotein C (gC) of Indian origin at genetic and phylogenetic level. Materials and Methods: In this study, archival isolates stored at the ICAR-NIVEDI BSL-2 facility were selected and revived on MDBK cell lines. Partial open reading frames of the gC genes were amplified using conventional PCR, and the resulting sequences were deposited in NCBI. Genome alignment, annotation was performed by GeneTool and phylogenetic analysis by Mega 11 software. Results: Broadly BoHV-1, BuHV-1, BoHV-5, CeHV-1 formed one cluster and CaHV-1 and RanHV-1 formed another. The phylogenetic analysis of the partial gC gene revealed that all BoHV-1 (including BoHV-1.1 and BoHV-1.2) isolates, including those under study, are highly conserved and grouped within a single clade. In contrast, the bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5), bubaline herpesvirus-1 (BuHV -1), caprine herpesvirus 1 (CaHV-1), cervine herpesvirus 1 (CvHV-1),) and rangiferine herpesvirus 1 (RanHV-1) each formed separate clusters specific to their respective viruses, showing homology ranging from 67.8% to 92.2%. with BoHV-1 isolates.Conclusion: This study will lay the groundwork for future research on BoHV1, particularly in the development of new diagnostic tools.