Unrevealing phytochemistry, medicinal pharmacology and in vitro regeneration of Solanum trilobatum: A recent review

Abstract

Solanum trilobatum, a notable medicinal plant holds considerable significance in traditional Indian medicine for treating diverse human ailments. It is frequently employed by a wide range of populations to treat multiple disorders. S. trilobatum has potent antioxidant properties and can alleviate oxidative stress induced hepatotoxic mechanisms through its free radical scavenging properties. S.trilobatum possesses excellent anti-diabetic capabilities and has a protective role on kidneys in addition to lowering blood sugar levels. Phytochemical analysis of the Solanum trilobatum revealed sobatum, β-solamarine, solaine, solasodine, glycoalkaloid, diosgenin, and tomatidine which have been reported to possess hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, haemolytic, and anti-inflammatory properties. The extraction of bioactive compounds Soladunalinidine and tomatidine from the leaves and stems of Solanum trilobatum underscores the plant's rich array of phytochemical components. These findings emphasize the potential of Solanum trilobatum for various pharmacological applications. For in vitro regeneration, nodal and shoot tip explants have been identified as ideal for efficient shoot multiplication in Solanum trilobatum due to their superior regenerative capacity compared to other explants. Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) has been identified as the most effective cytokinin for shoot regeneration in this plant species. Additionally, Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) have been found to be suitable auxins for rooting in Solanum trilobatum.