Knowledge and practice of breast cancer screening among PHC centre doctors in Al-Karkh, Baghdad

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide, following lung cancer. It constitutes approximately 23% of all female cancers. The study examined PHC center physicians' knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, signs and symptoms, screening technique and recommendations, diagnosis, and screening practice. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among primary health care centers physicians in Al-Karkh, Baghdad. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. Categorical data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages, while continuous data were described using mean, median, and standard deviation (SD). The Chi-square test was employed to assess associations between categorical variables. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study shows that the mean age of participants is 40±6 years, with 88% being female. Most participants are married (75.3%), board-certified (59.3%), have 15 years or less experience (57.3%), and (80.7%) specialize in family medicine. A majority (82.67%) have good knowledge of breast cancer screening, and (59.33%) demonstrate good practice. Significant factors for better knowledge and practice include gender, professional qualification, and specialty. Conclusion: The current study shows strong BC screening awareness and practice among physicians. Although knowledge is high, its actual application is lacking. Age, gender, professional qualification, experience, and specialty affect knowledge and practice. BC early detection must be improved by continuous education, targeted interventions, and supporting policies to enhance patient favorable outcome.