Plant pathogen resistance: Understanding mechanisms and developing new strategies

Abstract

This comprehensive review explores the intricate mechanisms underlying plant pathogen resistance and the innovative strategies developed over the past decade to enhance resistance in crops. Covering significant advancements from 2010 to 2024, the article delves into molecular, genetic, and biotechnological approaches to combating plant pathogens. It emphasizes the role of resistance genes, the gene-for-gene concept, and the evolution of pathogen effector proteins. The review also examines the limitations of traditional breeding methods and the potential of modern biotechnological tools, such as CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA interference, to create durable resistance in crops. The paper concludes by identifying future research directions and discussing the implications for sustainable agriculture.