Goat and sheep genetic resources of Jammu and Kashmir: A review

Abstract

Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), a region in the Indian Himalayas, is home to diverse animal genetic resources. These breeds are adapted to harsh environments and play crucial roles in agriculture, transportation, and livelihoods. However, their populations are declining due to cross-breeding, road construction and lack of conservation efforts. The region's sheep and goat breeds, such as Bakarwal, Changthangi and Purgi, are prized for their valuable fiber, meat, and adaptability. Conservation efforts are necessary to protect these unique and valuable breeds, including the establishment of breeding farms, open nucleus breeding schemes, and community-based conservation programs. This review highlights the importance of preserving genetic diversity and promoting sustainable breeding practices to ensure the long-term survival of these animal genetic resources.