Respiratory disease caused by Citrobacter fruendii in Ball Python

Abstract

A six-month-old ball python with a severe respiratory illness was the subject of a rare case at Birdinex Avian & Exotic Pet Speciality Hospital in Palarivattom, Ernakulam. However, the Department of Veterinary Microbiology was performed the identification of the casative agent and antibiogram analysis. Citrobacter freundii was isolated by the culture and biochemical methods. According to this study, every category of antibiotic showed signs of resistance. In the groups Aminoglycoside, Polymyxins, Quinolones, Tetracyclines, Cephalosporins, Sulfonamides, and Penicillin, this strain exhibits multiple antibiotic resistance. Gene mutation and high variant resistance can result from the improper use of antibiotics and the transfer of resistant genes from one person to another.