A comprehensive study of elements affecting intrusion in the internet of vehicles (IOV) environment

Abstract

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) represents a transformative advancement in automotive technology, enabling vehicles to communicate with each other, infrastructure, and the internet for enhanced traffic management, navigation, and autonomous driving. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of IoV, detailing its evolution, architecture, and the pivotal role of connectivity in modern transportation systems. It discusses the core components of IoV, including On-Board Units (OBUs), Roadside Units (RSUs), and cloud servers, as well as the communication protocols like Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) and Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X). The paper emphasizes the significant impact of IoV on traffic management, road safety, autonomous driving, and environmental sustainability. However, the increased connectivity also introduces substantial cybersecurity challenges, including risks of unauthorized access, data breaches, and disruptions in communication. The paper underscores the necessity for comprehensive security measures to address these vulnerabilities, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary research in developing robust security frameworks. Key topics include layered IoV architectures, the role of vehicular cloud and fog computing, communication technologies, and the challenges of securing dynamic and heterogeneous IoV networks. The need for standardized protocols and adaptive security solutions to protect against emerging threats and ensure the safe operation of IoV systems is also discussed.