Clinico-epidemiological study of hematological malignancies at clinical oncology department Tanta university hospitals

Abstract

Background: Hematological malignancies (HMs) comprise a heterogeneous collection of malignancies, all originating from the bone marrow and lymphatic system. This study sought to characterize the clinical characteristics of HMs and ascertain the course of diffuse large B lymphoma as a common hematological malignancy with the aforementioned features. Methods: This clinico-epidemiological study was conducted in 600 patients aged 18 years and older of both sexes with a histopathological or clinical history of HM. All patients underwent complete history, clinical examination, laboratory and radiological examination. Results: The mortality rate was in 133 (24.77%) patients with mean value (95% CI) of 58.556 (56.33 - 60.77). Regarding disease-free survival (DFs), relapse occurred in 120 (20.00%) patients with mean value (95% CI) of 74.185 (71.665 - 76.705). The diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia increased from 0.65% in 2016 to 0.88% in 2018 with no diagnosis of AML in 2019 and 2020. Chronic myeloid leukemia diagnosis increased from 1.95 in 2016 to 2.44% in 2020. The MM diagnosis increased from 24.68% in 2016 to 39.02% in 2020. The diagnosis of Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL), and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma/ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma decreased from 5.58% and 53.9% respectively in 2016 to 12.2% and 39.02% respectively in 2020. Lost follow up occurred in 70 (11.67%) patients. Mortality occurred in 133 (22.17%) patients. Conclusions: Long-term survival data associated with current treatment regimens have led to careful consideration of potential risk factors beyond 5 years.