Insecticide resistant status, larval species composition and habitat characterization of Anopheles gambiae (S.L.) in malaria endemic districts of Sidama region, South Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of malaria in Ethiopia has decreased somewhat in recent decades, but it is currently increasing as a result of the introduction of insecticide-resistant Anopheles mosquitoes. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess entomological factors related to malarial disease transmission in the study population.Methods: Socio-demographic characteristics from 48 households were collected by using structured questionnaires. Anopheline immature stages of mosquito were collected by dipping methods and reared to adult in a laboratory to determine the species composition and drug susceptibility test. Using WHO papers and bioassay tubes, 150 adult female Anopheles mosquitoes, two to three days old, not fed blood, were exposed for one hour to varying dosages of 0.05% Deltamethrin, 0.45% Alpha-cymethrin, and 0.1% Propoxur. Logistic regression was used to identify local risk factors using SPSS version 25 for further analysis. Statistical significance was declared at p-value