Evolution of electoral mechanism in India: A historical perspective

Abstract

The evolution of electoral processes in India presents a complex and dynamic trajectory, reflecting the nation’s political maturation and socio-economic transformations since independence. This research paper examines the historical development of electoral mechanisms in India, tracing their origins from colonial practices to the establishment of a robust democratic framework post-1947 till date. Key milestones include the formation of the Election Commission of India, the introduction of universal adult suffrage, and the implementation of significant electoral reforms to enhance transparency and inclusiveness like RPA and its amendments. The study also explores various technological advancements, such as electronic voting machines, VVPATs. This paper explains this evolution in eight phases.