Chlorophyll mutation spectrum and effectiveness in M2 generation of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Abstract

In the TKG-55 variety of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), ten desirable macro mutants were identified following treatments with NaN3 and a combination of EMS chemical mutagenesis. The identified mutants include viridis (characterized by seedling color and increased seed protein content), Albino (white), Xantha (yellow), Chlorina (light green), Albomaculata (white spots on green leaves), Alboviridis (initially white, later turning normal), and Xanthaviridis (initially yellow, later turning normal). All mutant traits were recessive compared to normal, with viridis exhibiting digenic inheritance while the others showed monogenic inheritance. Additionally, these macro mutants were initially evaluated for germination, survival, and lethality percentages.