Study of histopathological pattern of endometrial biopsy in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding

Abstract

Introduction: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common problems among women of all age groups. Endometrial sampling is a frequently performed procedure by the gynaecologist that offers an opportunity to diagnose pathological conditions in the endometrium to accurately evaluate and diagnose the aetiology. A study of the endometrium will establish the underlying cause and thereafter help the gynaecologist to plan for management.Aims: To determine the histopathological pattern of endometrial biopsies in patients with AUB across different age and parity groups who have undergone dilation and curettage (D&C).Material and Methods: The current study that evaluated 98 patients with AUB by dilatation and curettage and/or endometrial biopsy taken from the study period was from January 2023 to January 2024.Results: The most common endometrial pattern found to be proliferative endometrium (20/98) 20.40% followed by disordered proliferative endometrium (19/98) 19.38% and later by endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (15/98) 15.30%, secretory endometrium (14/98) 14.28%, polyp (8/98) 8.16%, endometrial hyperplasia with atypia (6/98) progesterone related change (6/98) 6.12%,Endometrial carcinoma (5/98) 5.10%, atrophic endometrium (3/98) 3.06% and lastly one cases of each endometritis and granulomatous inflammation.Conclusion: Endometrial biopsy or curettage could be safe and effective diagnostic step in the evaluation of AUB after ruling out medical causes with a detailed workup of the patient. This could help the clinician to design therapy for successful management.