Genetic variability and breeding opportunities in wheat under stripe rust stress: A comprehensive analysis of morphological traits

Abstract

Information on trait based genetic parameters play strategic role in designing breeding methodologies. Genetic variability parameters were studied in the set of 51 genotypes of diverse eco-geographical location under artificial inoculation of stripe rust stimulating disease epiphytotic using augmented block design. Phenotypic variance distribution indicates substantial genetic and environmental influences on the traits studied. High GCV and PCV were observed for traits such as number of tillers, grain yield per plant, and AUDPC, suggest existence of significant genetic and phenotypic diversity as a prerequisite for effective selection. High broad-sense heritability coupled with genetic advance for traits like days to 50% flowering, number of tillers and plant height indicates effective transfer of these traits to the progenies and low influence of the environment. The interrelationship studies revealed positive association of number of tillers per plant, spike length, thousand grain weight and negative association of days to 50% flowering with grain yield per plant highlighting the importance of these traits in enhancing yield. The findings highlight the significance of considering genetic variability parameters along with correlation in designing effective wheat breeding program under stripe rust pressure due to variable climatic patterns.