Studies on PCV, GCV, heritability, and genetic advance for yield related traits in rice germplasm lines (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

The goal of the current study was to assess the genetic diversity of twenty-one rice germplasm lines throughout the course of two seasons, Rabi 2023 and Kharif 2021, using a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Eleven quantitative traits were noted in order to investigate genetic advance, PCV, heritability, and GCV. All eleven variables have extremely significant differences according to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), suggesting that there is genetic heterogeneity among the germplasm lines under evaluation. For every trait under investigation, the estimations of PCV were somewhat more than GCV, indicating a reduced impact of the environment on the trait expression. Therefore, by direct selection, the evaluated characters might gain from genetic enhancement. Both seasons showed high values for the phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation for the number of productive tillers, filled and unfilled grains, and panicle weight; however, for the number of tillers, the PCV was high and the GCV was moderate. Conversely, there were only small coefficients of variation for plant height, panicle length, spikelet fertility, and yield from a single plant. Days to fifty percent showed low coefficients of variance in combination with moderate phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation in spikelet fertility in Kharif 2021, compared to higher variation in Rabi 2023. With the exception of days to 50% blooming with moderate genetic advancement, all traits showed high heritability as well as high genetic advancement in both seasons.