Exploring the nutritional and health benefits of pearl millet: A comprehensive review

Abstract

In Asia and Africa's dry and semi-arid regions, pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is a grain crop that is widely grown. For ages, millions of people, particularly in India and Africa, have relied on it as a staple diet. Protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals are all abundant in pearl millet, which is also a good source of energy. Additionally, it does not contain gluten, making it a perfect food for those who are gluten intolerant or suffer from celiac disease. Given that it contains 11-14% protein by weight, pearl millet is a rich source of plant-based protein. It is crucial for vegetarians and vegans who acquire all of their protein from plant-based sources. Additionally, dietary fiber, which aids in better digestion, prevents constipation, and lowers the risk of chronic illnesses including heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, is present in pearl millet. People who have celiac disease or gluten intolerance can safely switch to pearl millet because it is naturally gluten-free. Additionally, iron, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium are all vitamins and minerals that are abundant in pearl millet. These vitamins and minerals are crucial for preserving good health and avoiding chronic illnesses. Because pearl millet has a low glycemic index and releases sugar into the bloodstream gradually, it helps to regulate blood sugar levels. It is therefore a healthy meal option for those who have diabetes. Antioxidants, which aid in lowering inflammation and preventing the accumulation of plaque in the arteries, are also abundant in pearl millet. This lowers the chance of developing heart disease and stroke. In addition, phytochemicals such lignans and phytosterols, which have been demonstrated to have anti-cancer properties, are present in pearl millet. These substances aid in limiting the development and spread of cancer cells.